Collaboration
Climate change, inequality, and ecological collapse are some of the biggest challenges we face today. They demand collaboration not only across governments but with communities, citizens, and businesses.
Why foster collaboration?
Nurturing human nature: move beyond competitive siloed approaches
Current systems often incentivise competition over collaboration. For example, when budget processes pit ministries against each other, or citizens receive contradictory services from different agencies, the trust and relationships that are essential for collective action erode.
Thinking in systems: overcome fragmented decision-making
Fragmented decision-making makes it harder to navigate interdependencies and trade-offs in policymaking and public services. When each agency has siloed mandates and narrow success metrics, their ability to address root causes, adopt preventative approaches and foster wider collaboration is diminished.
Being regenerative by design: address cross-cutting governance challenges
Many governments struggle with ecological priorities — such as the circular economy — because they don't fit within traditional departmental boundaries. When cross-cutting issues are assigned to a single ministry (usually Environment), two problems emerge:
- Firstly, that ministry often lacks the authority and resources to compel action across other departments such as Finance, Transport, or Industry;
- Secondly, other agencies become unwilling to engage, viewing these issues as beyond their mandates.
Emerging alternatives: fostering collaboration
The examples below show different possibilities to foster collaboration. Use them as inspiration to find the approach that works best for your context.
Dedicated public bodies on cross-cutting issues
Governments can create dedicated agencies to work on cross-cutting themes such as future generations, or the just transition. This also fosters cross-agency collaboration.
Agencies already working around the world include:
- Future Generations Commissioners and Offices: At the national level, Wales’ Future Generations Commissioner offers inspiration (also see case studies by the OECD and the Wales Centre for Public Policy). At the city level, Viladecans in Spain has established The Office of the Future.
- Chief Officers or offices in charge of cross-cutting issues in cities: for example, Chief Heat Officers, Chief Resilience Officers, and Civic Imagination Offices in Bologna (Italy) and Mexico City (Mexico).
- Climate Finance Units: Learning and recommendations from the Center for Access to Climate Finance, based on experiences from the Majority World.
Source: The Bologna Civic Imagination Office and District Labs Projects
Wellbeing budgeting
Wellbeing budgeting uses social, environmental and economic indicators to guide a government’s budget. It works across government silos to assess, develop, and implement policies.
Learn more:
- The Wellbeing Economy Alliance's case study New Zealand - Implementing the Wellbeing Budget examines the country's first Wellbeing Budget in 2019.
- The Centre for Policy Development in Australia has put forward its Principles for an effective wellbeing budget.
- Budgeting for Wellbeing: International approaches, published by Carnegie UK, analyses emerging practices around the world. Section 1 focuses on collaborations across governments.
Multi-stakeholder coalitions or hubs
Government agencies work closely with diverse civil society actors to take collaborative actions.
Learn more:
- The Green Economy Coalition’s national hubs are convening dialogues and building partnerships across government, civil society, and businesses around the world.
- Policy labs or public innovation labs support civil society organisations with diverse expertise to work with governments on co-designed policies. The OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation summarises Experiences across the globe.
Share your ideas and tools
Do you have any other ideas on how governments can foster collaboration? We would welcome your feedback and suggestions.
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