Doughnut in local governments: a global overview

Research studying the practical application of Doughnut Economics in 50 local governments

"Doughnut Economics in Local Government: An Overview of Emerging Practice", a newly published  peer-reviewed article (Oct 2025), co-authored by Leonora Grcheva and Michele Vianello, with the support of the Doughnut Economics Action Lab,  provides a first overview of policy approaches informed by Doughnut Economics (DE) in 50 local governments worldwide that have worked with it in their own processes, strategies, and plans. 


Since the first cities (Amsterdam, Portland and Philadelphia) experimented with Doughnut Economics in 2019, over 50 local and regional governments from all over the world have brought the Doughnut into their own plans, strategies in policies. We at DEAL have supported this emerging community of practice through the Cities & Regions theme, and over the course of four years have met with over 100 local and regional governments that were either already working with Doughnut Economics in some ways, or exploring the possibility. Our Cities & Regions: Let's Get Started guide, aimed to offer a first comprehensive resource mapping the many different ways in which local governments turn DE into practice.

However, to date, there had been no research study providing a comprehensive overview of this global emerging practice, that synthesises what is the state of DE practice in local governments and what are some insights from these early adopters.  This research article aims to fill that gap.

The study used a mixed-methods approach, analysing 30 responses to a survey distributed to those leading the DE work in local governments, as well as 91 policy documents and other grey literature sources.

The full article is available here, and you can see few insights through images below. 

The 50 local governments mapped that are working or have worked with Doughnut Economics since 2019, mapped with work start dates
The 50 local governments mapped that are working or have worked with Doughnut Economics since 2019, mapped with work start dates



Five main areas of practical application of Doughnut Economics in local governments are proposed, based on the current practice
Five main areas of practical application of Doughnut Economics in local governments are proposed, based on the current practice


Some examples of "data-based diagnostic and monitoring", from top left (images taken from local governments' public work): Brussels (Belgium), Mexico City (Mexico), Barcelona (Spain), Copenhagen (Denmark), Grenoble (France), Tomelilla (Sweden).
Some examples of "data-based diagnostic and monitoring", from top left (images taken from local governments' public work): Brussels (Belgium), Mexico City (Mexico), Barcelona (Spain), Copenhagen (Denmark), Grenoble (France), Tomelilla (Sweden).


Some examples of "place-wide strategic compass", from top left (images taken from local governments' public work): Nanaimo (Canada), Ipoh (Malaysia), Bad Nauheim (Germany), Glasgow (Scotland).
Some examples of "place-wide strategic compass", from top left (images taken from local governments' public work): Nanaimo (Canada), Ipoh (Malaysia), Bad Nauheim (Germany), Glasgow (Scotland).


Some examples of "sector or project specific visioning", from top left (images taken from cover pages of local governments' public work): Barcelona (Spain), Brussels Region (Brussels), Amsterdam (Netherlands), Tomelilla (Sweden), Thimphu (Bhutan), Portland (USA).
Some examples of "sector or project specific visioning", from top left (images taken from cover pages of local governments' public work): Barcelona (Spain), Brussels Region (Brussels), Amsterdam (Netherlands), Tomelilla (Sweden), Thimphu (Bhutan), Portland (USA).


Some examples of "Impact assessment and decision making", from left (images taken from local governments' public work): Cornwall (UK), Valence Romans (France), Lviv (Ukraine).
Some examples of "Impact assessment and decision making", from left (images taken from local governments' public work): Cornwall (UK), Valence Romans (France), Lviv (Ukraine).


Survey responses to open question "What benefits or positive changes have you observed as a result of working with Doughnut Economics?"
Survey responses to open question "What benefits or positive changes have you observed as a result of working with Doughnut Economics?"


Survey responses to open question “What key challenges and obstacles have you encountered so far in working with Doughnut Economics?”
Survey responses to open question “What key challenges and obstacles have you encountered so far in working with Doughnut Economics?”



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